
The Buckeye state of Ohio offers a landscape filled with quite a diversity of wildlife. Two of its more unique creatures include the black squirrel and eastern box turtle.
The black squirrel is of the same species as the eastern gray squirrel. Its distinct black outer coat has evolved because of a mutation in a genetic trait called melanism. This increase in dark pigment results from an increase of eumelanin production.
Some distinctive characteristics of a black squirrel include:
- Weight: between 14-21 ounces
- Length: 18-22 inches (including the tail)
- Habitat: concentrated in urban and suburban environments
A black squirrel finds readily available food sources in habitats with mature trees such as oak, hickory, maple, and walnut. Each thrives in a human-dominated landscape, where its dark outer color blends with shaded areas. Trees with a dense canopy provide shelter from predators and weather extremes.
For nesting and shelter, a black squirrel may utilize manmade structures, such as attics, chimneys, and sheds.



The eastern box turtle lives a less active and more isolated existence than the black squirrel. This turtle acquires its name from its centrally hinged lower shell which allows it to draw more tightly against the upper shell. A more effective protection is provided for the turtle.
Some unique characteristics of an eastern box turtle include:
- Lifespan: 50 to 100 years
- Size: between 5-7 inches
- Diet: omnivorous (meat, insects, fruits, vegetables)
An eastern box turtle stands out with the high-domed carapace of its upper shell. The base color is usually dark brown or black with a wide variety of markings. The shell is accented with streaks and blotches of yellow. Some shells may display colors of orange or red.
Being terrestrial, this turtle is quite comfortable living on land in open woodlands. During the summer heat, it will lie hidden beneath rotting logs and decaying leaves. Only in the coolness of early morning and evening will the eastern box turtle venture out.
During its reproduction cycle, incubation of 3-8 eggs lasts about three months. This usually occurs between May and July.

















